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Compare Spain (2001) - Saint Helena (2003)

Compare Spain (2001) z Saint Helena (2003)

 Spain (2001)Saint Helena (2003)
 SpainSaint Helena
Administrative divisions 17 autonomous communities (comunidades autonomas, singular - comunidad autonoma); Andalucia, Aragon, Asturias, Baleares (Balearic Islands), Canarias (Canary Islands), Cantabria, Castilla-La Mancha, Castilla y Leon, Cataluna, Communidad Valencian, Extremadura, Galicia, La Rioja, Madrid, Murcia, Navarra, Pais Vasco (Basque Country)

note:
there are five places of sovereignty on and off the coast of Morocco: Ceuta and Melilla are administered as autonomous communities; Islas Chafarinas, Penon de Alhucemas, and Penon de Velez de la Gomera are under direct Spanish administration
1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena, Tristan da Cunha*
Age structure 0-14 years:
14.62% (male 3,015,851; female 2,835,763)

15-64 years:
68.2% (male 13,701,065; female 13,605,314)

65 years and over:
17.18% (male 2,881,334; female 3,998,668) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 18.9% (male 704; female 685)


15-64 years: 71.6% (male 2,732; female 2,545)


65 years and over: 9.5% (male 309; female 392) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products grain, vegetables, olives, wine grapes, sugar beets, citrus; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; fish corn, potatoes, vegetables; timber; fish, crawfish (on Tristan da Cunha)
Airports 110 (2000 est.) 1 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total:
75

over 3,047 m:
15

2,438 to 3,047 m:
10

1,524 to 2,437 m:
18

914 to 1,523 m:
19

under 914 m:
13 (2000 est.)
total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
35

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
9

under 914 m:
25 (2000 est.)
-
Area total:
504,782 sq km

land:
499,542 sq km

water:
5,240 sq km

note:
includes Balearic Islands, Canary Islands, and five places of sovereignty (plazas de soberania) on and off the coast of Morocco - Ceuta, Melilla, Islas Chafarinas, Penon de Alhucemas, and Penon de Velez de la Gomera
total: 410 sq km


land: 410 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Saint Helena Island, Ascension, and the island group of Tristan da Cunha, which consists of Tristan da Cunha Island, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, and the three Nightingale Islands
Area - comparative slightly more than twice the size of Oregon slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background Spain's powerful world empire of the 16th and 17th centuries ultimately yielded command of the seas to England. Subsequent failure to embrace the mercantile and industrial revolutions caused the country to fall behind Britain, France, and Germany in economic and political power. Spain remained neutral in World Wars I and II, but suffered through a devastating Civil War (1936-39). In the second half of the 20th century, it has played a catch-up role in the western international community. Continuing concerns are large-scale unemployment and the Basque separatist movement. Uninhabited when first discovered by the Portuguese in 1502, Saint Helena was garrisoned by the British during the 17th century. It acquired fame as the place of Napoleon BONAPARTE's exile, from 1815 until his death in 1821, but its importance as a port of call declined after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Ascension Island is the site of a US Air Force auxiliary airfield; Gough Island has a meteorological station.
Birth rate 9.26 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 12.9 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues:
$105 billion

expenditures:
$109 billion, including capital expenditures of $12.8 billion (2000 est.)
revenues: $11.2 million


expenditures: $11 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY92)
Capital Madrid Jamestown
Climate temperate; clear, hot summers in interior, more moderate and cloudy along coast; cloudy, cold winters in interior, partly cloudy and cool along coast Saint Helena - tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds; Tristan da Cunha - temperate; marine, mild, tempered by trade winds (tends to be cooler than Saint Helena)
Coastline 4,964 km 60 km
Constitution 6 December 1978, effective 29 December 1978 1 January 1989
Country name conventional long form:
Kingdom of Spain

conventional short form:
Spain

local short form:
Espana
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Saint Helena
Currency Spanish peseta (ESP); euro (EUR)

note:
on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Spain at a fixed rate of 166.386 Spanish pesetas per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Saint Helenian pound (SHP)
Death rate 9.13 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 6.24 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $90 billion (1993 est.) $NA
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Edward L. ROMERO

embassy:
Serrano 75, 28006 Madrid

mailing address:
APO AE 09642

telephone:
[34] (91) 587-2200

FAX:
[34] (91) 587-2303

consulate(s) general:
Barcelona
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Francisco Javier RUPEREZ

chancery:
2375 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037

telephone:
[1] (202) 452-0100, 728-2340

FAX:
[1] (202) 833-5670

consulate(s) general:
Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international Gibraltar issue with UK; Spain controls five places of sovereignty (plazas de soberania) on and off the coast of Morocco - the coastal enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla, which Morocco contests, as well as the islands of Penon de Alhucemas, Penon de Velez de la Gomera, and Islas Chafarinas none
Economic aid - donor ODA, $1.3 billion (1995) -
Economic aid - recipient - $12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997)
Economy - overview Spain's mixed capitalist economy supports a GDP that on a per capita basis is 80% that of the four leading West European economies. Its center-right government successfully worked to gain admission to the first group of countries launching the European single currency on 1 January 1999. The AZNAR administration has continued to advocate liberalization, privatization, and deregulation of the economy and has introduced some tax reforms to that end. Unemployment has been steadily falling under the AZNAR administration but remains the highest in the EU at 14%. The government intends to make further progress in changing labor laws and reforming pension schemes, which are key to the sustainability of both Spain's internal economic advances and its competitiveness in a single currency area. Adjusting to the monetary and other economic policies of an integrated Europe - and further reducing unemployment - will pose challenges to Spain in the next few years. The economy depends largely on financial assistance from the UK, which amounted to about $5 million in 1997 or almost one-half of annual budgetary revenues. The local population earns income from fishing, the raising of livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, 25% of the work force has left to seek employment on Ascension Island, on the Falklands, and in the UK.
Electricity - consumption 189.57 billion kWh (1999) 4.65 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 6.23 billion kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 11.945 billion kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 197.694 billion kWh (1999) 5 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
57.71%

hydro:
12.1%

nuclear:
28.28%

other:
1.91% (1999)
fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Pico de Teide (Tenerife) on Canary Islands 3,718 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Queen Mary's Peak on Tristan da Cunha 2,060 m
Environment - current issues pollution of the Mediterranean Sea from raw sewage and effluents from the offshore production of oil and gas; water quality and quantity nationwide; air pollution; deforestation; desertification NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification
-
Ethnic groups composite of Mediterranean and Nordic types African descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25%
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); pesetas per US dollar - 149.40 (1998), 146.41 (1997), 126.66 (1996) Saint Helenian pounds per US dollar - 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998),
Executive branch chief of state:
King JUAN CARLOS I (since 22 November 1975); Heir Apparent Prince FELIPE, son of the monarch, born 30 January 1968

head of government:
President of the Government Jose Maria AZNAR Lopez (since 5 May 1996); First Vice President Juan Jose LUCAS (since 28 February 2000) and Second Vice President (and Minister of Economy) Rodrigo RATO Figaredo (since 5 May 1996)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers designated by the president

note:
there is also a Council of State that is the supreme consultative organ of the government

elections:
the monarch is hereditary; president proposed by the monarch and elected by the National Assembly following legislative elections; election last held 12 March 2000 (next to be held NA March 2004); vice presidents appointed by the monarch on proposal of the president

election results:
Jose Maria AZNAR Lopez (PP) elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 44%
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Governor and Commander in Chief Michael CLANCY (since NA October 2003)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, two ex officio officers, and six elected members of the Legislative Council


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor is appointed by the monarch
Exports $120.5 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA (2001)
Exports - commodities machinery, motor vehicles; foodstuffs, other consumer goods fish (frozen, canned, and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), coffee, handicrafts
Exports - partners EU 71% (France 20%, Germany 12%, Italy 9%, Portugal 9%, UK 8%), Latin America 6%, US 5% (2000) US 23.7%, Japan 20.5%, Netherlands 16%, Tanzania 15.4%, Spain 6.4%, UK 5.1%, Indonesia 4.5% (2002)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 April - 31 March
Flag description three horizontal bands of red (top), yellow (double width), and red with the national coat of arms on the hoist side of the yellow band; the coat of arms includes the royal seal framed by the Pillars of Hercules, which are the two promontories (Gibraltar and Ceuta) on either side of the eastern end of the Strait of Gibraltar blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship
GDP purchasing power parity - $720.8 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $18 million (1998 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
4%

industry:
31%

services:
65% (1999)
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $18,000 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $2,500 (1998 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 4% (2000 est.) NA%
Geographic coordinates 40 00 N, 4 00 W 15 56 S, 5 42 W
Geography - note strategic location along approaches to Strait of Gibraltar harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown anywhere else in the world; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns
Heliports 2 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
346,858 km

paved:
343,389 km (including 9,063 km of expressways)

unpaved:
3,469 km (1997)
total: 198 km (Saint Helena 138 km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 20 km)


paved: 168 km (Saint Helena 118km, Ascension 40 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km)


unpaved: 30 km (Saint Helena 20 km, Ascension 0 km, Tristan da Cunha 10 km) (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
2.8%

highest 10%:
25.2% (1990)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs key European gateway country for Latin American cocaine and North African hashish entering the European market; transshipment point for and consumer of Southwest Asian heroin -
Imports $153.9 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, semifinished goods; foodstuffs, consumer goods (1997) food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials, motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts
Imports - partners EU 68% (France 18%, Germany 16%, Italy 9%, UK 7%, Benelux 8%), US 8%, OPEC 5%, Latin America 4%, Japan 3% (1999) UK 47.6%, Tanzania 14.6%, Italy 12.1%, South Africa 10.9%, US 5.3% (2002)
Independence 1492 (expulsion of the Moors and unification) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate 4.5% (2000 est.) NA%
Industries textiles and apparel (including footwear), food and beverages, metals and metal manufactures, chemicals, shipbuilding, automobiles, machine tools, tourism construction, crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing
Infant mortality rate 4.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 20.7 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 24.66 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 16.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.4% (2000 est.) 3.2% (1997 est.)
International organization participation AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CCC, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, ECLAC, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, LAIA (observer), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNTAET, UNU, UPU, WCL, WEU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC ICFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 56 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 34,530 sq km (1993 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Tribunal Supremo Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court; Small Debts Court; Juvenile Court
Labor force 17 million (2000) 3,500


note: 1,200 work offshore (1998 est.)
Labor force - by occupation services 64%, manufacturing, mining, and construction 28%, agriculture 8% (1997 est.) agriculture and fishing 6%, industry (mainly construction) 48%, services 46% (1987 est.)
Land boundaries total:
1,917.8 km

border countries:
Andorra 63.7 km, France 623 km, Gibraltar 1.2 km, Portugal 1,214 km, Morocco (Ceuta) 6.3 km, Morocco (Melilla) 9.6 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
30%

permanent crops:
9%

permanent pastures:
21%

forests and woodland:
32%

other:
8% (1993 est.)
arable land: 12.9%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 87.1% (1998 est.)
Languages Castilian Spanish (official) 74%, Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, Basque 2% English
Legal system civil law system, with regional applications; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction NA
Legislative branch bicameral; General Courts or National Assembly or Las Cortes Generales consists of the Senate or Senado (259 seats - 208 members directly elected by popular vote and the other 51 appointed by the regional legislatures to serve four-year terms) and the Congress of Deputies or Congreso de los Diputados (350 seats; members are elected by popular vote on block lists by proportional representation to serve four-year terms)

elections:
Senate - last held 12 March 2000 (next to be held NA March 2004); Congress of Deputies - last held 12 March 2000 (next to be held NA March 2004)

election results:
Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PP 127, PSOE 61, CiU 8, PNV 6, CC 5, PIL 1; Congress of Deputies - percent of vote by party - PP 44.5%, PSOE 34%, CiU 4.2%, IU 5.4%, PNV 1.5%, CC 1%, BNG 1.3%; seats by party - PP 183, PSOE 125, CiU 15, IU 8, PNV 7, CC 4, BNG 3, other 5
unicameral Legislative Council (16 seats, including the speaker, 3 ex officio and 12 elected members; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 27 June 2001 (next to be held NA June 2005)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 15
Life expectancy at birth total population:
78.93 years

male:
75.47 years

female:
82.62 years (2001 est.)
total population: 77.38 years


male: 74.49 years


female: 80.42 years (2003 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
97%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
definition: age 20 and over can read and write


total population: 97%


male: 97%


female: 98% (1987 est.)
Location Southwestern Europe, bordering the Bay of Biscay, Mediterranean Sea, North Atlantic Ocean, and Pyrenees Mountains, southwest of France islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, about midway between South America and Africa
Map references Europe Africa
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM (applies only to the Atlantic Ocean)

territorial sea:
12 NM
exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine total:
135 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,208,730 GRT/1,773,378 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 10, cargo 26, chemical tanker 10, container 9, liquefied gas 2, livestock carrier 1, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 24, refrigerated cargo 5, roll on/roll off 35, short-sea passenger 8, specialized tanker 1, vehicle carrier 3 (2000 est.)
none (2002 est.)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, Civil Guard, National Police, Coastal Civil Guard -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $6 billion (FY97) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.1% (FY97) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
10,551,945 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
8,448,150 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 20 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
281,043 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Hispanic Day, 12 October Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)
Nationality noun:
Spaniard(s)

adjective:
Spanish
noun: Saint Helenian(s)


adjective: Saint Helenian
Natural hazards periodic droughts active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha
Natural resources coal, lignite, iron ore, uranium, mercury, pyrites, fluorspar, gypsum, zinc, lead, tungsten, copper, kaolin, potash, hydropower, arable land fish
Net migration rate 0.87 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 265 km; petroleum products 1,794 km; natural gas 1,666 km -
Political parties and leaders Basque Nationalist Party or PNV [Xabier ARZALLUS Antia]; Canarian Coalition or CC (a coalition of five parties) [Paulino RIVERO]; Convergence and Union or CiU [Jordi PUJOL i Soley, secretary general] (a coalition of the Democratic Convergence of Catalonia or CDC [Jordi PUJOL i Soley] and the Democratic Union of Catalonia or UDC [Josep Antoni DURAN y LLEIDA]); Galician Nationalist Bloc or BNG [Xose Manuel BEIRAS]; Party of Independents from Lanzarote or PIL [Dimas MARTIN Martin]; Popular Party or PP [Jose Maria AZNAR Lopez]; Spanish Socialist Workers Party or PSOE [Jose Luis Rodriguez ZAPATERO]; United Left or IU (a coalition of parties including the PCE and other small parties) [Gaspar LLAMAZARES] none
Political pressure groups and leaders business and landowning interests; Catholic Church; Euskal Herritarok or EH [Herri BATASUNA]; free labor unions (authorized in April 1977); on the extreme left, the Basque Fatherland and Liberty or ETA and the First of October Antifascist Resistance Group or GRAPO use terrorism to oppose the government; Opus Dei; Socialist General Union of Workers or UGT and the smaller independent Workers Syndical Union or USO; university students; Workers Confederation or CC.OO none
Population 40,037,995 (July 2001 est.) 7,367 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 0.1% (2001 est.) 0.67% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors Aviles, Barcelona, Bilbao, Cadiz, Cartagena, Castellon de la Plana, Ceuta, Huelva, La Coruna, Las Palmas (Canary Islands), Malaga, Melilla, Pasajes, Gijon, Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Canary Islands), Santander, Tarragona, Valencia, Vigo Georgetown (on Ascension), Jamestown
Radio broadcast stations AM 208, FM 715, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 13.1 million (1997) -
Railways total:
13,950 km

broad gauge:
12,781 km 1.668-m gauge (6,358 km electrified; 2,295 km double track)

standard gauge:
525 km 1.435-m gauge (525 km electrified)

narrow gauge:
644 km 1.000-m gauge (438 km electrified) (1998)
0 km
Religions Roman Catholic 99%, other 1% Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic
Sex ratio at birth:
1.07 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.72 male(s)/female

total population:
0.96 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female


total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal NA years of age
Telephone system general assessment:
generally adequate, modern facilities; teledensity is 44 main lines for each 100 persons

domestic:
NA

international:
22 coaxial submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), NA Eutelsat; tropospheric scatter to adjacent countries
general assessment: can communicate worldwide


domestic: automatic network


international: HF radiotelephone from Saint Helena to Ascensionm, which is a major coaxial submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 17.336 million (1999) 2,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 8.394 million (1999) 0 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 224 (plus 2,105 repeaters)

note:
these figures include 11 television broadcast stations and 88 repeaters in the Canary Islands (1995)
0


note: television programs are received in Saint Helena via satellite and distributed by cable (2002)
Terrain large, flat to dissected plateau surrounded by rugged hills; Pyrenees in north Saint Helena - rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains


note: the other islands of the group have a volcanic origin
Total fertility rate 1.15 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.54 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate 14% (2000 est.) 14% (1998 est.)
Waterways 1,045 km (of minor economic importance) none
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